Mihok, S. (1979) Behavioral structure and demography of subarctic Clethrionomys gapperi and Peromsycus maniculatus. Canadian Journal of Zoology 57, 1520-1535.

A subarctic rodent community of Clethrionomys gapperi and Peromyscus maniculatus was censused with multiple-capture traps in contrasting years of population growth. Clethrionomys gapperi was involved in few multiple captures and was caught in small groups. Repeat multiple captures of the same individuals were rare. Mature females were territorial and were mainly caught with mature males. Mature males had large, extensively overlapping ranges and were mainly caught with mature voles. Immatures had small, moderately exclusive ranges and were involved in more multiple captures than were mature voles. Patterns of association in C. gapperi were random.